Science News · Wetenschap

Skin Chemistry and Microbiome Influence Mosquito Attraction

Researchers have discovered that the specific chemical composition and skin microbiome of individuals can influence which mosquito species are most attracted to them. This finding could lead to new strategies for preventing the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.

Different mosquito species exhibit varying preferences for human hosts, influenced by an individual's body chemistry and the bacteria residing on their skin. Understanding these preferences is crucial for combating diseases like dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever.

A study involving 119 volunteers exposed three mosquito species—Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus—to their scents. Researchers measured mosquito attraction to each participant, finding that each species favored different groups of people. Notably, A. aegypti showed a slight preference for males.

Analysis revealed that A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus were more attracted to individuals with less overall skin odor. In contrast, A. albopictus was drawn to 13 specific plant-like odors. Certain skin bacteria, including Corynebacterium kefirresdentii, Cutibacterium granulosum, and a strain of Staphylococcus epidermis, were commonly found in individuals highly attractive to all three mosquito species.

While the study identified key attractants, experts note that the complexity of human odor means other influencing compounds may not have been captured. The distinct preferences of each mosquito species suggest evolutionary adaptations related to their feeding habits and times. Future research aims to explore how skin bacteria produce odors that attract or repel mosquitoes, potentially leading to novel repellent and trap designs targeting specific species.

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