Mongabay · Climate & nature

Study Explores Motivations Behind Wildlife Crime in Zambia

A study by Wildlife Crime Prevention Zambia interviewed over 300 inmates for wildlife offenses to understand drivers of lower-level offenders and prevent recidivism. The research highlights opportunity and immediate needs as key factors.

Opportunity was the primary driver for involvement in wildlife crime (40%), with 16% motivated by immediate needs like food or medical care. Many offenders are subsistence farmers facing unpredictable livelihoods and lacking social safety nets.

Zambia is a source and trade route for wildlife products. Wildlife offenders comprise 7% of the nation's prison population. Penalties range from 3-10 years for unlicensed hunting to 5-20+ years for serious offenses like illegal trophy possession.

The study interviewed 302 inmates, mostly middle-aged men. Most were first-time offenders, though a third had prior involvement without being caught. Offenses included bushmeat hunting, illegal fishing, and poaching of elephants, pangolins, and rhinos.

About a third of respondents wished to avoid future involvement in wildlife crime. However, 5% expressed intent to reoffend or concern about being drawn back due to lack of income.

Most male respondents were unconcerned about social stigma. The small number of female participants prevented conclusions about their community reception.

Wildlife Crime Prevention Zambia piloted a program to help offenders plan for legal income. Experts suggest tailored approaches and local input are crucial for reintegration and reducing crime.

This study, the first of its kind in Zambia, raised questions about wildlife crime complexities and recidivism models, emphasizing the need for humane offender perspectives.

AI-samenvatting op basis van de bron.